Treatment of experimental periodontal disease by laser therapy in simvastatin-modified rats

Abstract Low intensity laser can be used as a promising alternative in the treatment of periodontal disease. Objective The aim of this study was to evaluate low-level laser therapy (LLLT) as an adjuvant treatment for scaling and root planing (SRP) for the treatment of induced periodontitis in simvastatin-modified rats. Material and Methods A total of 180 rats were evenly divided into two groups: Veh - receiving oral administration of polyethylene glycol (vehicle); S - receiving oral administration of Simvastatin. Periodontal disease was induced in both groups at the first mandibular molar. After seven days, the ligature was removed and the animals were divided into subgroups according to the following local treatments: NT - no treatment; SRP - scaling and root planing and irrigation with saline solution; and LLLT ¬- SRP and laser irradiation (660 nm; 0.03 W; 4 J). Ten animals in each subgroup/local treatment were euthanized at 7, 15 and 30 days. Samples of gingival tissue were processed to analyze the tissue oxidative damage and radiographic analysis. Levels of oxidative stress were analyzed by the expressions of Tripeptideglutathione (TG), Malondialdehyde (MDA) and Carbonylated Proteins (CP). Results The animals in S group had higher levels of TG and lower levels of MDA and CP compared with Veh group (p<0.05). Radiographically, in the intragroup analysis Veh and S, LLLT showed lower bone loss (BL) compared with NT and SRP, in all experimental periods (p<0.01). In addition, a lower BL was observed for the animals of Veh group treated with LLLT compared with treatment SRP in the S group, in all experimental periods. Conclusion Within the limits of this study, we can conclude that LLLT was effective as adjuvant treatment for SRP protecting against the occurrence of oxidative tissue damages as well as for reducing alveolar bone loss in experimentally induced periodontitis simvastatin-modified rats.

Efeitos da Sinvastatina como coadjuvante no tratamento da doença periodontal induzida em ratos / Effects of Simvastatin as supporting in the treatment of periodontal disease induced in rats

O estudo avaliou a Sinvastatina no tratamento da doença periodontal (DP) em ratos. Trinta e seis animais foram divididos em Grupo Controle (C) que receberam oralmente soro fisiológico e Sinvastatina (S) que receberam oralmente Sinvastatina. Após 24 horas, a DP foi induzida utilizando-se um fio de algodão na região dento-gengival dos primeiros molares inferiores esquerdos. Após 7 dias, a ligadura foi removida e os animais receberam raspagem e alisamento radicular (RAR) e irrigação com soro fisiológico. Os animais foram eutanasiados aos 7, 15 e 30 dias. Radiograficamente, o tratamento com RAR mostrou uma menor perda óssea (PO) no Grupo S comparado ao C em todos os períodos. Concluiu-se que a Sinvastatina associada à RAR foi efetiva na redução da PO em ratos.

The study evaluated simvastatin in the treatment of periodontal disease (PD) in rats. 36 animals were divided into control group (C) receiving oral saline and Simvastatin (S) who received oral simvastatin. After 24 hours the PD was induced using a cotton yarn in the dento-gingival area of the first left molar. After 7 days the ligature was removed and animals received scaling and root planing (SRP) and irrigation with saline. The animals were sacrificed at 7, 15 and 30 days. Radiographically treatment with SRP showed less bone loss (BL) in the S group compared to C in all periods. It was concluded that SRP associated with simvastatin was effective in reducing the BL in rats.a